Luminescent bacterial disease, also known as luminous vibriosis, is a severe bacterial infection that attacks the Penaeus monodon tiger shrimp species. The disease is caused by Vibrio harveyi, a bioluminescent bacterium that can cause massive mortality in shrimp farms. Infection can occur through direct interaction with infected shrimp or polluted water, resulting in signs such as lethargy, lack of hunger, and shell discoloration.
The severity of the disease can vary depending on factors such as water temperature and salinity. Control measures for luminous vibriosis include maintaining good water quality, avoiding overcrowding, and using antibiotics or probiotics. Early detection and treatment are crucial to minimizing the economic impact of the disease.
Luminescent Bacterial Management in Shrimp (Prawn)
The Pathogen Responsible for Luminescent Bacterial Disease
- Luminescent bacterial disease in shrimp is caused by certain species of bioluminescent bacteria, including Vibrio harveyi and V. splendidus.
- These bacteria are commonly found in marine environments and can infect shrimp through direct contact or contaminated water. They can cause severe illness and mortality in infected shrimp, leading to significant economic losses in shrimp farming industries.
- Appropriate management practices, including maintaining good water quality and implementing biosecurity measures, are essential to prevent and control the spread of this disease.
Spread and Transmission of Luminescent Bacterial Disease in Shrimp
- Luminescent bacterial disease in shrimp can spread rapidly and cause significant economic losses in aquaculture. The disease can be transmitted directly with infected shrimp, contaminated water, or equipment.
- Shrimp farming practices, such as overcrowding and poor water quality, can also increase the risk of disease transmission. To prevent the spread of the disease, it is essential to implement biosecurity measures, maintain good water quality, and promptly isolate and treat infected shrimp.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Luminescent Bacterial Disease in Shrimp?
- The disease affects eggs, larvae, post-larvae, juveniles, and adults of shrimps.
- Affected shrimp larvae become weak and opaque.
- Greenish bioluminescence can be observed in affected shrimp larvae under darkness.
- The disease can lead to a complete stock loss in hatcheries if left untreated.
- Young juvenile prawns have a high mortality rate (known as “one-month syndrome”).
- Moribund hypoxic shrimp arrive at the pond’s top and margins.
- Vertical swimming action before acute death.
- Luminescent shrimp can be found in ponds.
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